Hydrogen, the lightest and most abundant element in the universe, is a versatile energy carrier that can be produced from various sources. Here's a comprehensive overview of hydrogen production methods:

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting:

 

 

 

 

PEC water splitting utilizes semiconductor materials to directly convert sunlight into hydrogen and oxygen. This method is still in its early stages of development but offers the potential for efficient and sustainable hydrogen production.

In summary, hydrogen can be produced from various sources and methods, each with its own advantages and limitations. As the world transitions towards a cleaner and more sustainable energy future, hydrogen is expected to play an increasingly important role as a versatile energy carrier.